我的大牌老公
苏承松 53005万字 80101人读过 连载
2013年10月5——6日两天我与健康快乐群一起到本溪赏枫叶 我们早上6点在中兴门前集合出发前往洋湖沟 湖里与大地森林公园我的心情无比激动 又是一年落叶黄一场秋雨一场凉 天高云淡，微风送凉当秋季悄悄来临之时我的心也随着来到大山里 享受着大自然美感受着大山的怀抱这时到山里看枫叶正是好季节 也是一年中人们感觉最惬意的时光 大自然送给人们这如花似锦的季节，春华秋实；祖国大地，金色稻浪，收获喜悦 温情感伤 而我喜欢秋天的理由很是简单 秋天是果实成熟的时候 我们刚来到山脚下 就看见山两旁的枫树 有的还是金灿灿的黄色 有的是半黄半红 还有的则是火一般的红色 还有棵棵翠绿的松柏我的心一下就被大山所拥抱我在用心去感受大山感受大自然的温暖我已经陶醉了 还是用我手中的相机拍下这美丽风景红叶与人物留下美好的记忆吧([]
最新章节： 第521章 遮天3 （ 2024-06-02 10:55:46）
更新时间： 2024-06-02 15:17:03
- 第1章 最强狂兵
- 第2章 奥尼尔
- 第3章 冰雪奇缘
- 第4章 思域
- 第5章 家有儿女
- 第6章 完美世界
- 第7章 靓号欠28元被销号叶问4
- 第8章 易烊千玺参加军训
- 第9章 东风26发射画面
- 第10章 西安事变
- 第11章 捷豹
- 第12章 传世之爱
- 第13章 白岩松再批国足
- 第14章 李沁
- 第15章 大明风华
- 第16章 精英律师
- 第17章 爱情公寓
- 第18章 奔跑吧兄弟
- 第19章 迈巴赫
- 第20章 皇冠
- 点击查看 中间隐藏的 89284 章节
- 第549章 幸福三重奏2
- 第550章 海底小纵队
- 第551章 密室大逃脱
- 第552章 奔跑吧兄弟
- 第553章 该忘了
- 第554章 天道图书馆
- 第555章 第一夫人集体发声
- 第556章 斗破苍穹
- 第557章 赛尔号
- 第558章 天龙八部
- 第559章 路虎
- 第560章 勇士逆转太阳
- 第561章 明道哥哥自杀计划
- 第562章 犯罪现场庆余年
- 第563章 西安事变
- 第564章 赛尔号
- 第565章 半个喜剧
- 第566章 林更新活跃像粉头
- 第567章 帝霸
- 第568章 爱情保卫战
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童雅琪读书或者旅行，身体或灵魂总要有一个在路上。这次西藏之行，没有计划，没有行程，伙伴一直在变化，一开始的4个，后来6个，又变成4个，到西藏之后大家随着行程不同分分合合。在西藏，在哪里都有遇见，遇见的都是最美的风景。山南，是指冈底斯山和念青唐古拉山以南，横阔420公里，纵长329公里，总面积8万多平方公里的地域，属典型的高原河谷平原地区。传说中神猴同罗刹女结合而诞出藏民之地。山南是藏文化的滥觞之地，是西藏的灵魂所在。山南以博大的胸怀和聪明才智创造出了瑰丽多彩的雅砻文化和西藏历史上的众多第一，有吐蕃王朝时期留下的藏王陵墓群，西藏第一座寺庙桑耶寺，第一座宫殿雍布拉康，松赞干布主持建造西藏最早的佛殿昌珠寺。。。山南，是一个温暖的名词。南面是向阳的，往往和阳光、蓝天白云联系在一起。那么山南那个地方也是一个温暖的地方吗？遇见山南，份安静祥和、温暖静谧的感觉却深深地坠入心底。阳光是灿烂的，风在你耳旁时而低语时而欢笑，吸入的空气温润且醉人心脾，迎面的笑靥如花，这是怎样的一个地方，天堂吗？ 先简单介绍下这次漫游的行程。6月1日 贡嘎机场--山南--昌珠寺--雍布拉康6月2日 山南--三安曲林乡--扎日6月3日-6月5日 徒步措嘎湖（我们的藏族司机兼向导 顿珠 联系电话 18708030607 18089938850）6月6日扎日-隆子县-山南6月7日青朴修行地--桑耶寺6月8日山南--羊卓雍错--库拉岗日--洛扎县6月9日洛扎县--色乡--塞卡古托寺--洛卓窝龙寺--拉普温泉6月10日洛扎县--普莫雍错--羊湖-山南6月11日山南--加查县--达拉岗布寺6月12日加查--拉姆拉错--山南6月13日山南--措美县--哲古草原--山南6月14日 山南---扎央宗--山南6月15日 山南--措那--勒布沟6月16日 勒布沟--措那6月17日 措那--浪波沟--东章瀑布--山南--拉萨6月18日 拉萨---纳木措6月19日 纳木措--拉萨6月20日 返程先上几场图片吧 6月1日，云上的日子我相信万物中有某种力量驱使我不停前行 ，它是生命，过去和未来的源泉。 但我们每每在原地踏步，却以为自己与世界同步变化。飞机喜欢坐靠窗口的位置，这次航班给了我一个大大的惊喜，飞机飞越的青藏高原上空，一场盛大的雪山盛宴在我面前铺陈开来，最精彩的当然是南迦巴瓦。飞机翅膀请自动忽略。灰机上看南迦巴瓦，冰雪的容颜，真是天宫玉宇，仿佛是天上的宫阙。俺们的领队怕怕，强驴一枚，这次是第10次进西藏了，这次行程大部分是怕怕规划的。阿俊，对女生超级有耐心的户外强驴。 本人，懒人一个，出行从来不做攻略，只知道跟着傻走，对于在西藏每天爬山，总是心存恐惧。爬山总是甩在最后一个，还好我的伙伴们没有抛弃我，哈。富贵，第一次进西藏就跟我们到5000+的地方来爬山，勇气可嘉。说话特别幽默，一路上是大家的开心果。 白开，独自来西藏旅行的菇凉，被俊哥捡到队伍里，一起去了拉姆拉错，措美和扎央宗。从贡嘎机场出来，立刻感觉到西藏的天空特别蓝，阳光特别强烈，湿度低很多，在高温高热的江苏呆惯了，呼吸一下高原的空气，觉得特别舒爽。因为第一站打算去扎日转山，为了节省时间，直接从机场包车去山南。中午时分，到达山南，住在怕怕同学进西藏经常住的同鑫宾馆。安顿下来，怕怕去车站买明天去扎日的车票。扎日不通大巴，车票只能买到三林乡，之后的100多公里山路只有包车了。安顿好住处，吃过午餐，差不多3点了，我们决定去山南最著名的景点昌珠寺和雍布拉康先逛逛。 藏语中，昌是鹰、鹞的意思，珠是龙的意思。相传此地在建寺前有一恶龙，被松赞干布化身为大鹏降伏后才得以建寺，故得名。相传7世纪时由吐蕃赞普松赞干布主持建造，后又经帕莫主巴大司徒绝曲坚参改建扩建。据说文成公主曾在该寺驻足修行，留有遗物。帕竹政权时期，昌珠寺进行过大规模的维修和扩建。昌珠寺在其晚期归属格鲁派。昌珠寺的珍珠唐卡为镇寺之宝，所画的是坚期木尼额松像（观世音菩萨憩息图）。整个唐卡长2米，宽1.2米，共耗珍珠26两（计29026颗），镶嵌钻石一颗，红宝石二颗，蓝宝石一颗，紫宝石0.55两，绿松石0.91两（计185粒），珊瑚4.1两（计1997颗），黄金15.5克。每天吸引许多信徒游客前来观瞻朝拜。 雍布拉康， 相传是西藏历史上第一座宫殿。西藏在松赞干布之前是没有文字的，主要历史都是以神话的方式口口相传。说是天神有六个儿子，赤顿祉是其中之一，赤顿祉之子就是聂赤赞普。聂赤赞普到了雅砻一带，看到这里水草丰美，就沿着天梯下降到人间，遇到12名聪明的牧羊人，他们问赞普“你从哪里来？”赞普用手指指雅拉香布雪山。牧羊人惊奇：“这是天上来的赞普，可以做我们的王。”于是牧羊人把赞普抬到家中，并且建造了雍布拉康献给赞普。初上高原，雍布拉康200米的上升，累的我气喘嘘嘘。走不到一个拐弯处，就得停下来喘气。一直很奇怪，西藏的皇宫和寺庙为什么都喜欢建造在山顶或者山腰，爬上去都累得要死。现在想来皇宫建在上上大概因为赞普是天上来的，建在山上离天更近一点。 回去的路上，采购去扎日转山时吃的东西，顺便买了一身藏装。到了酒店，领队怕怕吩咐我们不要洗澡，但是经过一夜火车上的闷热，身上难受无比，不管那许多高原禁忌了，直接洗了澡，用宾馆提供的洗衣机把衣服洗了。高原气候干燥，一个晚上不到，衣服就吹干了。6月2日 车上的一天 在山南20天，发现山南的班车90%都是9点半发车，票价大都是60元或70元。吃过早饭，我们背起大包小包往车站赶。我们住的地方离车站不算远，2个红绿灯路口，不过背着大大的登山包，手里还拎着好多吃的，再加上今天到高原才第二天，走路到车站实在不是个好的选择。但领队怕怕不允许我们打车，说是时间还早，到扎日还要在5000米海拔徒步呢。我不情愿地走着，边走边在心里骂着这个领队，“这个坏人为了省10块钱，非让大家走高反了不可！“上了车，发现西藏的车都是沿途带人的，而且车还刚好经过我们酒店门口，真是白累了半死。出了泽当镇，顺着S202一路向南。行走了大约40公里，翻过海拔5025的亚堆扎拉山口，山口右边雅拉香布雪山，是雅砻河的源头。 传说藏族地区有四大神山：即东方神山沃德贡杰、卫藏地区的神山雅拉香布、北方羌塘的神山念青唐古拉、南方神山库拉日杰。在公元8、9世纪的敦煌古藏文手写卷中多次提到雅拉香布，说“雅拉香布乃最高之神”。雅拉香布雪山所在的雅隆河谷是吐蕃最古老的部落繁衍之地，是农耕区。该部落奉雅拉香布为最大的山神，此后随着雅隆部落与其他部落的交往联系和互相融合，雅隆部落自身也发展壮大起来，在部落间的兼并战争中一直处于优胜的地位，最后终于取得了整个吐蓄的政权，他们崇奉的山神也就成了众部落共同信仰的山神而成为最高神灵。当地流传的神话中，雅拉香布山神是一头白牦牛，此牦牛有着无比的法力。从其口、鼻中不断喷处的雪暴，足以摧毁岩石、引发洪水。在藏族史籍文献中称雅拉香布山神为王族神灵，代表王室的力量。自古到今，雅砻地区的广大信徒都说：“居住在雅砻地区，就要祈祷雅拉香布神。”雅拉香布雪山海拔6635.8米，山头终年积雪不化，形成冰川，宛如巨大的水晶宫殿，被周围5000米以上的山峰高高托起，耸入云端。在西藏原始苯教中该雪山被奉为神山，神山的化身是一位武士。佛教传至西藏以后，山神成了佛教在雅砻一带的重要护法神，佛教徒在神山的东、南、西、北四方各建了小寺庙以供奉雅拉香布山神。每年藏历5月至9月间，会有藏区各地佛教徒前来朝拜。向南再翻越一座山口雪布达拉，海拔5105米。由于连续下坡，开车的师父中途下来用水冷却刹车。 隆子县边防检查站，过了检查站，悲催的搓板路开始了。路上的藏式民居。过了检查站，一直是在两座大山的峡谷里穿行，路上只能一个车子通过，不过我们的车沿路也没遇到什么车子，车开过，尘土飞扬。大山深处的人家。 ([]
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黄雅婷注：请点击下方的“只看该作者”，方便浏览。谢谢。 洞穴是美丽的，洞穴是富有挑战性的，洞穴也是充满危险的。 探洞，对很多人来说还比较陌生。黑暗和丧失方向感是绝大多数人从未体验过的。黑暗、幽闭给人的紧张和恐惧远远大于人们对洞穴本来奇形怪状风光的认识。人要怎样克服自身对未认知世界的恐惧、现有感官在黑暗未知中所产生的种种不安？探洞正是这样一种极具挑战性的心理对抗战运动，它的魅力就在于你永远不知道你的下一步会看见什么，会发现什么，能满足你无限的想象，不断探索的欲望和好奇心。 相信很多人看过《黑暗侵袭》或《夺命深渊》这类的电影，对洞穴里面的食人怪物和探洞者迷失方向的恐惧记忆犹新。这次把作业交到游记攻略版，也是希望让更多的人了解洞穴以及神秘的洞穴生物，对这种无人涉足的地下世界有一个全新的认识。并以我和娟子为教训，千万不要学我俩哦！我和娟子的探险系列：业余选手三探雨扇洞： https//bbs.8264.com/thread-1872892-1-1.html一路上有你，凶险的探寻之旅我没有一丝恐惧（孤岛烟儿炮鬼吹灯+鬼宅探秘）贺岁帖 ：https//bbs.8264.com/thread-1988167-1-1.html陪你去冒险，在黑暗的迷窟中点一盏不灭的明灯（寻龙记+入阴河）https//bbs.8264.com/thread-2020255-1-1.html 四年前在沈阳，刚认识娟子的时候，她一个小姑娘独自住在一幢二层楼里，也不害怕。而且晚上还把窗帘拉的严严实实，躲在房间里看恐怖片，音量放的大大的。这不禁让我对她刮目相看。经过死缠烂打，最后一直追她到了大辽河边，才终于打动了她的心。哈哈，现在回忆起来还很甜蜜。 我和娟子在南方一年半的时间里，进深山，漂江河，钻丛林，探洞穴。曾险被瀑布冲进山洞里；曾在深夜跳入野湖中寻觅发出绿光的眼睛；曾几次在森林中迷路；曾在山洞中被巨大的蝙蝠攻击。。。。。。因为在这里，我俩没有朋友，所以每次出去探险，都没有第三人知道，这也增加了危险系数。我们两个人，同甘苦，共患难，幸运之神一次次的眷顾了我俩，每次的化险为夷也让我俩增加了户外经验，学会了如何预见危险，躲避危险。 为什么我明"毒帖“二字呢？说起来有点惭愧。我曾在天涯论坛上发过一篇探洞的帖子，这家伙，铺天盖地的板儿砖拍的我蒙灯转向。其实，向我提出意见的，无论言词有多尖刻，我都能虚心接受并表示感谢。但偏偏有那么一帮人，张嘴闭嘴就是”找死“二字，我很反感。谁的生命也不是大风刮来的，谁都有父母亲人和责任。我和娟子也一样。虽然我们两人喜欢冒险，但每次都把安全放在首位。并不像这些人所说的为自己寻找刺激而给别人带来麻烦。还有一些人回帖里说，我的帖子是“毒帖”，例如这个回帖： 我在这里给亲爱的驴友们一点提示，户外运动风险级别高的，尽量不要轻易挑战。如果喜欢探洞，可以选择一些已经探明而且难度不大的洞穴，探洞之前，多学习一些和洞穴有关的知识，装备很重要，最好有向导，至少三人以上团队，洞口有接应人员。我和娟子虽然也懂这些，但克制不住内心冒险的欲望，虽然积累了一点探洞经验，但像我俩这样，风险系数还是很大，所以请大家以我俩为戒，切勿效仿。 此次我俩探洞的装备如下：双肩包2个快干裤2条牛仔裤2条外套2件头盔2顶筒靴2双运动鞋2双PVC牛筋挂胶手套2双强光手电1把备用3800毫安的18650电池4节LED手电筒4把袖珍手电2把蜡烛3根打火机2只蒙古刀1把 （开山用）瑞士军dao一把高倍望远镜1架口罩2只（蝙蝠屎尿气味很难闻）眼镜2副（防止抬头的时候，蝙蝠屎拉到眼睛里）长焦相机配8节2300毫安电池长短三脚架各一副创可贴若干花露水一瓶月饼1斤饮用水4升嗯，大概就这些东西吧，装备比较简陋。专业的探洞设备价格很昂贵，一套好的探洞装备起码上万，承受不起，所以我和娟子商定，遇到洞中的竖井绝不尝试下探。由于我的文化水平有限，写不出妙笔生花的文字，只能用大白话来叙述本次探洞经历，帖子比较长，逐步更新中。最近心情比较沮丧。寻找千尸洞失败，寻找桃花洞失败，寻找曾家对门山洞失败，而这次寻找的山洞连名字都没有，更没有路线。只是我和娟子在一次徒步穿越的时候，在山中看到一户人家。向这家的一个老人打听才得知，山中有一个洞穴。老人只给我俩指出了大概的方向，并说那里根本无路可走，但我和娟子还是决心尝试一下。寻找洞穴入口我是深有体会，不是一般的困难。想在荆棘密布，草深林密的山中找到洞口，谈何容易。刚进山，我就被成群的蚊虫叮咬。虽然裸露的皮肤都喷上了花露水，但也不管用。照片中可以清晰的看到我后脖子被咬了很多包，又疼又痒，这不禁让我想起《荒野求生》中的贝爷穿越原始丛林的镜头。 我的双手被带刺的植物划的都是口子，鲜血淋漓。娟子比我强不少，只有少处划伤。接连翻了两座山头，由于野草太高，即使站在山顶也什么都看不到，只能上树了。爬到树上，向远处观望，发现了老人所指的一片竹林。下树后继续前行。 这是一条虎斑游蛇，微毒。大概很多人都见过，在我国分布很广。在东北，土名叫“野鸡脖子”。不过前几年有日本科学家新发现，被这种蛇咬伤后，会引起脑出血，在日本已生产出抗虎斑游蛇毒血清。我在年少时曾经抓过这种蛇，捕捉的时候，它会高昂脑袋，头和脖子扁扁的，做出攻击状。如果在手里把玩一会儿，手就有一股腥臭的味道。最奇怪的是，这种蛇在后脖子喷出毒液，只要不射进眼睛里，就没什么问。我发现这条蛇的时候，因为手有点抖动，所以拍的不是很清晰。等我再想拍第二张的时候，它就窜进草丛中不见了。历尽千辛万苦，终于找到了洞口所在。这是我和娟子一个多月以来，经历了数次失败后，找到的全新洞穴。心情很激动，站在洞口边，发现洞道向下延伸，虽然坡度有点陡，但难度不是很大。里面漆黑一片，到底会有什么样的景致在等待我俩呢？ 我国历史上有记载的洞穴探险始于明代徐霞客。英国人李约瑟称徐霞客的著作与其说是17世纪知识分子的著述，不如说是20世纪的野外考察记录。遗憾的是他没有绘下一分洞穴图纸，不知是失传，还是当时的他没有想到？继徐霞客之后，我国的洞穴探险后继乏人，于是洞穴成了我国遗留在大地上的“最后的”神秘所在。 和欧美等国相比，我国拥有的洞穴数与我国从事探洞活动的人数很不相称。近年来我国已有群众性洞穴组织了：1984年贵州省地理学会建立的我国第一个洞穴组织—洞穴专业委员会；1987年广州华南师范大学建立的洞穴研究协会；1987年建立的广西柳州洞穴协会；1989年设立的中国科学探险学会洞穴探险部；1991年中国地质学会等。直至今天，民间洞穴探险队也开始活跃起来。具有代表性的有重庆洞穴探险队，浙江洞穴探险队，疯子探险队等。这些洞穴探险队有着资深的探洞经验和救援技术，为我国的洞穴研究开发做出了很大的贡献。 我和娟子只能算是业余业余再业余的选手，哈哈。不过也能体验到其中的乐趣就够了。简单的换好衣服，我和娟子准备下洞。 说实话，娟子的攀岩技术比我要强不少，很多时候都是她抢在前面探路。这次也不例外。（说这话我都脸红）。我们两人安全到了洞底，洞底距离洞口大概不到十米，仔细查看了一下周围的环境，没发现有蛇类活动。抬头看看洞外，不知道再次看见阳光会是什么时候了。 再次检查和调试了一下手电。然后就准备在我身后的小洞口钻进去。 探洞一般可以分为两种：即水洞探险和干洞探险。水洞的探险指洞内有常年地下水流的岩溶洞穴。干洞是脱离了自由水面的化石洞，发育在地势较高的地方，发育的历史较长，洞内往往被各种多彩多姿的钟乳石所装饰，目前我俩还不能确定这个洞穴到底属于哪一种类型。正式进入到了黑暗之中，蹑足潜踪，放轻脚步，以防惊起成群的蝙蝠，那可一点也不好玩儿。 其实早在北宋,王安石的《游褒禅山记》中就提到其探洞的经历,“余与四人拥火以入,入之愈深,其进愈难,而其见愈奇”。王安石无限感慨地说着他的遗憾,认为自己半途而返是缺乏探索精神,以致出洞后追悔莫及。时至今日,他的那份心情,依然能够穿越时空的阻隔,清楚地摆在我们面前。当然,这位伟大的文学家兼改革家做梦也没有想到,一千多年后的今天,我和娟子继续体验他曾经痴迷的探洞心情。脚下非常难走，洞穴一路向下延伸，这里是另外一个奇妙的世界，我俩正在为“自己心中的神秘”而探索 ！ 哈哈，又看到了这种家伙。在我探过的所有洞穴中，无一例外都有它的身影。学名“灶马”，也有人叫它洞穴蟋蟀。是有名的洞窟性及群栖性昆虫。在洞中，它以蝙蝠粪便和小昆虫为食，自己也被蝙蝠和洞穴蜘蛛所吞食。 形态各异的石头开始出现了，这块大石裂开了一个口子，我怎么看，怎么像一个巨大鳄鱼的眼睛。这种石头形成的原因是含钙高的水滴在石头上，日积月累就形成了这种特有的乳白色。 娟子每次在洞穴中的某块石头前，都要驻足仔细观看很久，也不知道她能看出什么来。喊她几次才肯走。哈哈，我都习惯了。 寂静黑暗的洞穴中，我和娟子步伐很慢，仔细观察周围的环境。这个洞穴貌似还没有人类留下的痕迹，这也就增加了本次探洞的危险性。抬头观望，上面有一个支洞，洞口狭窄。对探洞者来说，如果不是迫不得已，尽量不要去钻这种细小的岔洞。我记得有一个洞穴探险者，强行钻进这样的小洞，不慎被洞壁卡住，进退两难。最后，队友用残忍的办法——敲碎他的肩胛骨，才得以脱身。 隐约听见了吱吱的叫声和翅膀拍打的声音。顺着声音寻去，不出所料，在我俩去路的上方，聚集着一群蝙蝠。我和娟子在第二次探雨扇洞的时候，曾拍摄到了一只巨大的蝙蝠。第三次探雨扇洞的时候，被蝙蝠屎尿的气味熏的刺鼻辣眼，因为怕氨中毒，最后退了出来。关于蝙蝠，我在《业余选手三探雨扇洞》的帖子里有详细的介绍，这里就不多废话了。由于蝙蝠往往携带狂犬病毒，所以尽量不要招惹它们，被惊醒的蝙蝠群是很可怕的。所幸现在我俩遇到的蝙蝠群并不很大，也比较安静，我俩尽量的轻手轻脚，以求安全通过。 要想继续前行，必须紧贴着这群蝙蝠才能过去。娟子又要先行通过，我拉住她，让她躲在一块石头后面，我先上去看看情况。 记得我发过一个探洞贴，有个驴友给我回帖说，蝙蝠有超声波，怎样飞都不会撞到你。就连电视上的动物世界和学校的课本里，都这么说。但事实并非如此。受惊的蝙蝠根本不辨方向，好似没头的苍蝇一样乱撞。这种情况，每个探洞者都曾经历过。所以还是小心为妙。我悄悄爬了过去，慢慢直起腰，蝙蝠和我近在咫尺，只要一伸手就能抓到，但它们还是安静的倒挂在石壁上，对我不理不睬。 顺利的在蝙蝠下面经过，松了口气，继续前行。面前一块石头，就在相片的左下角位置，看起来像一头母狮的脑袋。 感谢各位驴友回帖支持，继续更新中。。。。。。 我和娟子前行的路，一直都在向下延伸，没有检测海拔的设备，所以也不知道现在我俩具体深度是多少。前面又是一个崖壁，我仔细看看，坡度不大，应该容易下去。安全到底，路就比较平坦了。洞壁或洞顶流出的饱含碳酸钙的薄层水流沉积形成褶状流石的石幔，在手电的照射下，非常漂亮。各种奇异的石头，在地底不知沉睡了几百万，几千万年，才有了今天这样的形状。如果近距离拍摄观察，会觉得更加漂亮。 又向前行进了一段路，忽然发现前面的石头上，趴着一只大蚰蜒。有人叫它“地蜈蚣”，它的头部后面有一个环节、有一对钩状颚足，颚足末端成爪状，爪的顶端有毒腺开口，能分泌毒液，触及人体皮肤后即可致局部疱疹，令人刺痛难受。常见的蚰蜒体长25—-30毫米，洞穴蚰蜒就要大很多了。我见到的这只大蚰蜒比筷子还粗，身长近10厘米。 七绕八拐，沿途做了一些记。为了不给溶洞造成大的污染，我只是用容易降解的白纸，塞在比较明显的石缝中。如果返回，再逐一取出。 又向下行走了一段路，进入了一个比较宽阔的洞厅。这里湿气很重，并漂浮着浓浓的雾气。由于长时间闻着石灰岩的气味，所以嗅觉有点麻木了。我仔细闻了很久，没发现有瓦斯或者别的异味。小心的点燃了蜡烛，观察到火苗的颜色没有改变，燃烧正常。相反，如果发现火焰闪烁，表明氧气不足或二氧化碳含量已达3％，这时要特别注意，二氧化碳含量达到10％时火苗熄灭，会迅速致命。当然这样的情况不多。目前我国只在云南发现个别洞穴二氧化碳含量较高。 虽然没有什么危险，但感觉身上有点冷了。从背包里取出外套穿上，和娟子商量了一下，如果前面雾气依然很大，我俩就不再继续下探。([]
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刘欣怡Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangMr YANG Liusong, a Chinese who just finished the first solo traverse over Chang Tang by cycling from west to east in recorded human history, shared his stunning Expedition with all of us through the forum 8264 https//bbs.8264.com/thread-512349-1-1.html . In order to share his legendary journey with those who cannot read Chinese, I translate his story to English here, which has been approved by Mr YANG Liusong. Hope you guys enjoy it.为了让杨同学的传奇能让全世界的驴友分享，俺决定把杨同学的帖子翻译成英文。为了避免麻烦，俺先来个免责声明：1。杨同学不认识俺，也没有授权俺，如果他说不要翻译了那俺就随时终止；2。俺没有商业目的，译版版权归杨同学，俺啥也不要，也不承担法律责任；3。没有杨同学授权，不敢擅自发在国外网站，发在原帖处，荣誉归8264；4。俺英语水平有限，欢迎指正，欢迎转贴。 Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangBy Yang LiusongIt has been three months since I traversed the unpopulated region in the Great Chang Tang. There are many like-minded asking me about it. I now present this thread to briefly tell everybody about my journey.The starting point of this traverse was from the highest peak of the western part of the Tibetan plateau, Jieshan Daban, and the day was April 20, 2010.I was heading eastward passing Bungdag Co, Yanghu Co, Rola Co, and Kangzhagri Mountain, which crossed over the desolate region from west to east. The journey continued northward to enter the unpopulated area of Altun Mountains, through Hoh Xil Mountains, Kunlun Mountains, Whale lake, ..., finally met some people by the Aqqikkol Hu and then arrived in Huatugou by vehicle three days later and that day was July 5. It had been 77 days in total. I had been all alone 74 days after leaving Jieshan Daban until arriving inAqqikkol Hu, which was about 1400km and about four months.[The Great Chang Tang] In Tibetan, "Chang Tang" means northern empty wilderness while narrowly, means unpopulated region in northern part of Tibet. However, it actually indiCATes all of the no man's land in northern. The great Chang Tang includes desolate places in Northern Tibet, Hoh Xil, Alun Mountains, and Kunlun Mountains, which are interconnected to form the unique and super empty wilderness in the world. Only because Hoh Xil is the most known name, most people just think this vast land is equivalent to Hoh Xil. In reality, Hoh Xil is only a small piece of the Great Chang Tang both administratively and geologically. The Great Chang Tang, the last land to chase your freedom and dream.The route that I traversed ForeplayI arrived in Tibet in the early March, a couple of troubles bothered me. The brand new plug got its positive and negative wrongly connected; the rivets of my rucksack eASIly got broken from now and again; and a multi-functional charger got damaged and so on. Riding my bike to Ngari for warming up of this journey, lost my rucksack but later got it back; lost my camera bag and got it back later again, and finally lost a big bicycle pannier in the street of Gyangze town under the eyes of police, including clothes, solar panel and so on.Without much choice, I returned to Lhasa to adjust all the stuff I would need in the wilderness. Then I begged some luck by going to Nyingchi to enjoy the blossoms of peach trees and to take a hot spring bath. I even had the privilege to enjoy time with ten girls in the hot spring. I felt my bad luck had all gone and then returned to Lhasa again to prepare going to Ngari. I did not expect that I was cheated on by some hustler and lost some money and delayed my schedule for a week. I had to find a car myself quickly to Nagri. However, I lost the tool for fast-parting my rear wheel on my way to Nagri, where was a remote area in Tibet and nowhere to buy the tool. Even if there was one in Lhasa it would take at least ten days for a special delivery service. I was lucky that my mate Duola asked a driver to bring the tool for me from Lhasa. I thought there should be no more nightmare like this but the nozzle of my brand new multi-fuel stove was broken. The next day I tried everywhere to weld them back together. The first three shops could not do the welding for copper. The fourth one said they could do it but could not guarantee a sUCCess. The engineer said it would be ten Chinese yuans if it was a success. I agreed. Just in seconds, my nozzle became crap in a flash of lightening. I was so upset. Again, Duola helped me by bringing her own MSR oil stove and Dingding's sleeping bag to Nagri. That was already April 16 and I did not have much time to waste. The following day I found a vehicle heading to Jieshan Daban.The sand storm over Yarlung Zangbo RiverA lonely peach tree blossoming in Yarlung Zangbo Grand CanyonNatural hot spring in wild, me singing and drinking (photo by a friend of mine) Day 1(April 20), 16km, Camping 5192mIt was a truck with a full load of iron wastes, arriving in Jieshan Daban at 6'o clock in the morning. It was still night and extremely cold and dark. Driver was not bothered to pop his head out of the driving cab. I climbed up on the top of the iron wastes, taking my bicycle down. In a hurry, I punched my old water bag. Fortunately I had another MSR water bag given by a friend of mine otherwise I would definitely fail without even starting my journey. For the first time for me to set up the brand new tent in strong, cold winds. It would be impossible to do so if the tent was not a whole piece. Extremely cold outside, about -15C, might be lower than that, I put my head into the sleeping bag but was nearly suffocated to death, honestly. The smell of Dingding's sleeping bag was, lol, so extraordinary. I woke up around 11 o'clock. There were still strong winds outside so that I had to use my bodyweight to keep the tent in place. At the time when I just started to cook and eat, four patrolling soldiers approached me. To their surprise someone, in this season, camped in Jieshan Daban. I was so nervous and afraid they were the people to block my journey because I was caught and deported from the desolate land last year. Luckily the four soldiers did not know my destination and were very kind to me. After they left, I immediately packed my stuff and pushed my bike into the depths of the unpopulated area just in case anything unexpected happened.The bike was very heavy due to the provisions and hard to control. There was even a quite small hill that I had to remove my bike panniers to get over it. This really struck me because this happened even the path was still the hardship one at the moment and I could not imagine what I would do once I entered the uncertain, endless wilderness. Until now I had not met anyone, even the nomadic pastoralists. I remembered there were quite a few of them roaming at the edge of the northern Tibetan plateau last year. All of these indicated it was not the good pasture season in such low temperature and strong winds. Around 16km there was a sheep cote, where I passed it last year, east of Lungmu Co. I was exhausted at this point so that I decided to camp in here and to rest my head. After arranging tent everything I went out to look for the wetland discovered by Duola and Liumeng last year. I was determined to find it.There were many hot springs in the wetland which were underground water with a constant temperature. The wetland therefore became an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such harsh weather, which was the very unique land feature of terrain in this over 5200m highland.Perpetual snow in the valley blown to corn shape by strong windsThis wetland was discovered by Duola and Liumeng. The workers at a nearby mine did not know it and I too missed it last yearUnderground water with a constant temperature, an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such icy weather 感谢大伙儿支持和加分，不一一回复了。特别感谢多啦，希望能有机会一起喝酒吃肉。 Day 2 (April 21), 0km, Camping5192mBlustering gale all night, up and down like ocean waves. The next day rather than continuing to travel, I stayed inside the sheep cote, hesitating and pondering over. Indeed, there were so many problems before this journey;I did not have sufficient physical preparation;the load had already reached its limitation; I still coughed a lot;the weather was so extreme and cold. All in all, I did not think this journey was well prepared and I did not have confidence in completing this journey mentally and physically. To do, or not to do, it was the question. Similarly I did not have confidence in my facilities, not knowing whether all of them would work functionally or not. The fact was one of the rivets got broken again and the front rack came loose. In the afternoon, I replaced all the rivets of the panniers with screws I had prepared before. This was an excellent job I had done which gave me no further troubles throughout my whole journey. I also re-adjusted the front rack. However I did not think it would definitely all right because I did not have a tool to do it. When the darkness descended,I made up my mind to continue my journey, which, of course, was not beyond any imagination. Orchid-like weedsSmall springs everywhere, clear and chillyA thin layer of ice covering the fresh spring water The sheep cote, it was the door under the sleeping bag, which was in the same place as last year, everything looked like yesterdayThe wetland at duskLungmu Co at dusk. You could hear the gigantic sound of wind if the picture had a sound Day 3 (April 22), 52.4km, Camping 5145mGot up in the morning, could not put everything into the bags. Without much choice I had to throw away three portions of tsampa, elbow pads, and crampons. Following the road of the lead-zinicmine I found the side path to enter the wilderness, which was on the riverbed and very hard to see. I missed this side path last year so that I had to take a short cut into the wilderness directly then. That was why I had taken extra care to find the side path. The following journey was to get over a big hill, which lay 5275m above sea level and was the highest point of my whole journey. Around 2 o'clock in the afternoon, I passed the side path leading to Orba Co and started a journey which was complete strange to me. I ate a piece of pilot breads, which was frozen like rocks so that I had to use my spade to crush it. At 6 o'clock in the evening, I had pushed plus rode my bicycle for about 32 km. I reckoned I should have been able to double this if I did no carry such heavy load. The wind became stronger and stronger. I opened the parasail kits and tested it. The result was far beyond what I expected. With the aid of the strong wind I was just like flying over the wilderness. After 8 o'clock in the evening, I started to observe the water Source and to get ready to camp. Map showed there were successive springs along the path and assembled to puddles. But I had overestimated the water source here in this land and in this season there were endless wilderness inside the valley, where I could not see a single drop of water. As it became darker and darker, I felt a little bit nervous which resulted in three spokes of the parasail broken and became a useless rubbish. Anyway, it helped me to move forward 20km more which benefited me a lot later on. When time approached 9.30 pm, it was almost completely dark. I had to lie my bike on the ground and went on to try to find water on the north side of the valley. This was a wide and flat sandy land, where I could not see any ditches there and further was complete darkness. I returned to get my GPS to look up the contours and found the south part of the valley was closer to a hill so I took the way. Finally I found a piece of ice in a ditch. I smashed about 20litre of ice. The ice was quite shallow scattered with sheep poo. On my way back, my eyes were hurt by strong winds, which got me a couple of days to recover. It was nearly 23 o'clock after I set up the tent. It also took about 40 mins to melt the ice. I was so tired and my appetite was completely spoiled. I then had a little bit of milk. I had never expected thing would go like this, it was so distressing. Streams along the path, ice everywhereThe river flew into Matou Hu, in whose north part there was a satellite lake, a wonderful ice-skating court It took 40mins to melt the ice in midnight Day 4 (April 23), 31km, Camping 5028mA cloudy day with gusts. From now and again, hails chased me from behind. Sunny spell. Heavy sandy land made me have to push my bike. At 3pm, I arrived at Luxing Hu, where there was a house made of clay. This was the last permanent building of my journey. Last year, Duola and Liumeng once lived in this house for three days without meeting anybody. It seemed it was the same but the truck parking in front of the house made me worry about. I went to the sheep cote first to check over, where there were only a few lambs following me everywhere I went later on. This made me feel warm in my heart. I observed farther places using my binoculars but could not see any people or sheeps. After making sure there were no people around I opened the locked door using a screwdriver. The living room was very clean. There were two boxes of beverages on the ground and a string of cured lamb legs hanging over in the interior room. A pot of water was on the top of the stove, lukewarm, which indicated the host must be not far away from his home. I filled up my water bag and left the house. I also put the screws back to the door in order not to leave any trace of my visiting. I then took a spanner from the toolbox of the truck, which gave me great help for the rest of the journey.I left the house as quickly as possible. After last year's experience, the nomadic pastoralists were the last people I wanted to meet. A few hundred meters away from the house, the vehicle traces were fading fast. Even downhill, I had to push rather than to ride because of the heavy loose sand. From the route point of view, only after Luxing Hu it was the real unpopulated land. After many days, I thought of the lamb legs from time to time. It was pity that I then had plenty of provisions and the bike was too heavy to carry anything more. Continue to melt the ice under the morning sunshine, all of the sheep poo had been removed carefullyCamping site, the little hill over there was the place where I got the ice last nightThe house by the Luxing Hu, empty, the last permanent building I saw throughout my journeyDay 5 (April 24), 19.8km, Camping 4951mSet off at 10.30 in the morning, the weather was similar to yesterday. Probably this road was the high plain or somewhere the wind passed so that it was so windy. The average wind speed was degree 6 but could reach degree 9 in the blick of an eye. The road was still full of sand and very heavy to walk on it. My eyes became worse under such harsh weather. About three o'clock in the afternoon, I saw something in my right, looked like antenna. I went closer to see what it was and found out it was an iron tower (the triangulation station). In 1970s, a joint team from Chinese three military regiments entered this area doing research. They have left a lot of triangulation stations and benchmarks, which I had the priviledge to see them today.At dusk, I approached to a spring by the Bungdag Co, which flew into the frozon lake. The sand and soil, brought by the strong wind, scattered on the surface of the ice all over the lake. There were so many cracks around the icey surface of the lake. I geussed it must be caused by the springs under the water rather than by melted ice. In the west of the Bungdag Co was the side path leading to Keriya Pass, where a SUV could reach directly. I had looked out any vehicle Tracks but failed. The cloudy sky started to snow. I set up the tent comfortably because I knew that I was safe having such a sweet spring beside me.Triangulation station erected by scientists from the joint research team on Chang Tang of three military regiments in 1971[size=+0]The gap between water and ice in Bungdag Co, I guessed there must be some springs under the lakeThe storm just above the ground, a chaotic darkness[size=+0]Icy Bungdag Co,one of the four biggest lakes in Northern Tibet, wild ducks flying over this vastness and lonenessSnowing at any time, should not happen so frequently like this in this seasonDay 6 (April 25), 4.3km, Camping 5002mWeathering landforms everywhere around this area. Spongy volcanic rocks could be found easily. I pushed my bike turning around a small hill, seeing a big river, the Yinshui He, flowing from Orba Co into Bungdag Co, which I had been to its upstream last year. It was also a passage for animal migration. The downstream of the river was extremely wide and broad. The thickess of the ice layer could reach one meter with the main stem in the middle course of the river, very deep. There were a few springs along the river, sweet and clear.I only went forward a little bit more than 4km but I had walked more than 20km for finding my way. It was not possible to cross the main stem, let alone the north bank of Bungdad Co. What I could only do was to try to find a shallow place to cross. But the southern area was a even larger piece of wetland and forced the road turn towards west. I spent a couple of hours but failed to find a good point to cross the river. In the afternoon, I decided to follow the edge of the wetland. When I reached the hill foot, the wetland finally disappeared. Around this area, there were clearly volcanic feature of terrain and I even found traces of pasturing and cairns made from volcanic rock.Here was the last pasturing trace I found throughout my journey, I guessed it was a summer pasture area. After this, there was no clear sign of human activities in this vast wilderness. I had been looking for my ways until it was dark. I made up my mind where to go TOMOrrow. The terrain here looked like Yardang landforms, as well as volcanic landforms The Yinshui He river from Orba CoSprings scattered all over the river bank, painted green by lovely algaeThe river was very deep. The mixture of green and amber colour showed the sand and mud carried by the melted iceThick layer of ice, sunken surface caused by strong gustsThe south course of the Yinshui He, countless small streams. To the right was the wetlandLooking for ways in the east, a trace of pasturing and the cairn made from spongy volcanic rocksMy camp, opposite to the hillDay 7 (April 26), 11km, Camping 5009mI moved forward to the direction I found yesterday, turning around the wetland and walking toward east. At 2pm, I was blocked by the zigzag Yinshui He again and I had no choice but to cross it. The river was about 700m wide, covered by ice which appeared very different. The hanging ice, the folding ice, the piling-up ice, the icy puddle, and the sleet were everywhere along the river bank. Having noticed all of these, I reckoned the river would be receding at dusk, which was why there were so many different shapes and forms of ice. I put my slipper on, going into the main stream of the river. I found there were at least three different courses of the river, the thickness of the surface ice varied and the river water reached above my knees. I sighed there would be no way back once I crossed this river. There are many ways in one's life too, you can only take it once and you will no long have the courage to repeat it.I pushed the bike crossing the river. Some of the ice was a bit soft, jamming the tyres so that I had to use my feet to break them first. Some of the ice was a bit thick but with half-melted underneath, sticking the the bike completely, some of the ice was half-water half-ice with a sandy riverbed, which was really hard to pass. I had to remove all of the panniers at the last stage of the crossing. I spent the whole four hours to cross the river, my legs got many bloody cuts. At 6pm, the surface ice was almost disappeared completely, the river level rapidly rising to a chaotic status. I thought if I hesitated a little bit at that time, I could not have the courage to cross this river under such circumstances. The river bank was unimaginably sandy and was quite steep. I had to unloaded the panniers again to reach the top of the bank. By the time of sunset, the weather became exceptionally good. The sunlight from the descending sun, the blue sky, the faint moon, .... I liked such a colorful and peaceful Chang Tang and very much enjoyed my camp and myself bathed in such beautiful colour.The ice like this was very thin and suspended, far away from the main stemHard surface with half-melted underneath, the soft sand at the botton was most scaryThe ice like this could easily jam the wheels, hard to get it outI had to unload the panniersChaotic water and terrible hails turned up in no timeThe Chang Tang at the moment liked it used to be,a mixture of cold and warm tones under the golden setting sun Day 8 (April 27), 14.6km, Camping 5112mLast night, I forgot to bring in the odometer, which was out of order due to the coldness in midnight. Since then I used GPS to check the mileage. The digital thermometer was no longer working. I had to use mercury thermometer to collect data. Night temperatures were basically between –15℃—–20℃ while the temperature inside my tent was about –10℃. The advantage of the integrated tent was that it limited the ventilation so to keep warm inside. However, it got clearly disadvantage of heavy condensation and dew. Every morning, there was plenty of frost inside the tent so that I had to put my hood on First Before fully getting dressed. The winds in Chang Tang finally became consistent with the pattern I had researched the other day no or very tiny wind in the morning, strong wind started after 2pm, and then at around 8pm its strength was reduced again. The accuracy of this prediction was about 80%.The road was very bad today. I walked whole afternoon in an ancient riverbed and it was so difficult that I had to use all of my strengths to move a small step forward and then to stop to breath, slower than a snail. After five hours' struggling, my eyes got wet when I saw the grassy river bank. Finally! The nightmare was over.Cold and clear morningHeavy morning condensation in the interior, a lot of frost to clearSuch dawning sunlight indicated a cloudy day ahead Day 9 (April 28), 18km, 5072mIn the morning I entered a range of sandy roads which were so terrible. The solar panel specially designed for GPS got short circuited. After checking it was found to be the diode got damaged. Luckily I got a replacement. Because the GPS was exclusively supplied by a solar panel so that it was no longer a problem for the power supplement of GPS. In a period of 70 days, I did replace the battery once, which saved me a lot of alkaline batteries. I did have another solar panel of 5.4 W which was used specifically for 7.5V Camera, DV and other digital facilities. Unlike water, I had never been short of power.At 7pm in the evening, I arrived at Pur Co. The surface of this lake was very odd the ice by the river bank rose and the river bank was broken, I reckoned that was due to the strong winds. The ice there was mingled with something yellow, could be the stain of alkali. There were many wild yaks on the other side of the lake. There could be two brown bears but I could not be for certain. On the east side of the lake, there was a peninsula leading to the centre of the lake. I camped just opposite to the peninsula. At night , I smashed the ice to get drinking water, which tasted alkali. For the first time I cooked the cereals, which was brought completely by accident. This was just because I found there was a little bit of extra space when I was in Nagri packing the stuff for this journey so that I bought two packs of cereals. It tasted disgusting, probably there was too much alkali in the water. I threw away half of it. Later I realised that probably I subconsciously felt that the provisions was so heavy. I would rather make it lighter at any cost.Dry all my stuff in the morning sun, a routine matterA faint dusk in Pur CoThe river bank pushed up by ice and opened like zipper by gustsThe pushed up surface of the iceThe place where I got my drinking water, a thin layer of ice behind the ablation corns The moment just before sun set, glittering Pur Co, nothing was the same差点儿没找到俺自己的帖子，原来变色了。多谢各位鼓励。 Day 10 (April 29), 16km, Camping 5141mIn the morning, I walked around the north bank of the Pur Co， where it were continuous ups and downs sprinkled with light yellow sprouts across the sparse grassland. The wild yaks clustered into small groups. All of a sudden, there was a group of five of them running towards me, blowing a huge cloud of dust with the power of thunderbolts,I believed that anyone who did not know the characters of the wild yaks must be frightened to death under such circumstances. The fact was the wild yaks in groups never injured people. Rushing to you just to show you its territory. When they approached people at certain distance, they would turn sharply and run away, and then stopped somewhere high to stare at you. You can not imagine that the wild yaks were very cautious animals compared with its almost one ton of weight. Their first reaction, when meeting people, was to raise their tails, the front hooves rubbing against the ground, the horns pointing forward, the eyes redden, and the long body hair shaking, all of which showed their determination to fight.This was the warning sign that you should retreat. However, you should realise that this was only a gesture that they were afraid of you and wanted to scare you away. The thing was that if you were not afraid of them and moved forward, they would run away in no time. There were only some mad yaks attacking people, which was really rare to happen. In Chang Tang, an experienced driver know that it is very dangerous to pass directly from two or three lonely wild yaks. They always tried to avoid confronting them directly. If this was not possible, they would lit a cigarette, smoking, to wait until the yaks walked away themselves. This was because the wild yaks really could attack vehicles, which was not completely rumors. I once asked them why I had not been attacked. They told me that because my bike was so small they would not be bothered to attack it. My own experience was that approaching a wild yak very slowly, do not look into its eyes, and ignored what it was doing. As long as it moved forward a little bit, just stop and give the yaks a little bit of time to think. Because if you forced the yak, it could be themost dangerous animal in the world and nothing could stop them killing. Even a gunshot could not kill it but only left a small hole in its skin. In the past, the nomads living near this land would use yaks' skin as chopping board which was very much endurable. At noon, I lost my balacLAVA, which was brand new and I had never used it once. I could not be bothered to go back tofind it. This resulted in that I had to have my fleece hat day and night in the rest of my journey, which did not provide fully protection from the sun in the plateau. But somehow I was all right, perhaps because my skin is similar to those of yaks, lol. At around half past one, I found a deserted Jeep, upside down. I felt it could be there for years and it could be the vehicle of someillegal HUNTERs. Nowadays, we have wildlife conservation reserves in Chang Tang and the animals here are well protected. However, some people kills the wild yaks to sell them as the domestic yak's meat. In general, it is worth 10,000 Chinese yuans for a single wild yak. Therefore many people take the risk to make money. They often enter the unpopulated areas to hunt and their activities can reach 200 km in diameter. This is why the wild yaks in the deep wilderness are less afraid of people than thoseat the boundaries of the Chang Tang region.There once happened that a wild yak mother revenged its baby's murder in the Altun mountains. Its horns pierced the killer's chest and held his body over its head for more than ten days, which was very touching.Around 3pm, I walked out of the Pur basin. The next point was Hong Shan Daban and then it was the Yueya Hu by the Toze Gangri. At this time I found a vehicle track from south to north. I checked over but could not find the way where they had gone. I took my map, GPS, and compass, climbing up a small hill to estimate the location of Hong Shan Daban. The mountain was very round and it was hard to find the mountain pass. After determining the location of the Daban, I moved straightforward. When I passed a messy grassland, I saw something that I was reluctant to see more than hundreds of wild yaks' head scattered all over, which was definitely the scene of the illegal hunting. After that it was a very long ancient river bed with soft sand slowly rising until the foot of the mountain.There are some spines on the surface of the tongues of wild yaks, which are used by nomads in this area as combs. They use them from their teens to the time when their hair becomes silver.The deserted Jeep, could be left by illegal hunters years agoThe slaughtered wild yaks with the wheel size heads. Some of the skulls were chopped into half. Why was that? Could be taken away for making combs?My camp at the foot of the Daban underthe lingering golden rays of the setting sun. Tomorrow's weather must be wonderful, I reckoned Day 11(April 30)， 20.4km, Camping 5120mThe surface of the road leading to Hong Shan Daban was very hard, most of them were small rocks, sort of gravels, plus a quite long downhill slope, I pushed my bike more than 20km for the first time after Luxing Hu. The mountain pass was quite flat, just like a broad ridge, it was 5256m above the sea level. Upon arriving at the pass, Toze Gangri of 6356m was in my sight clearly, very much round and there was no back bone like normal snow covered mountains. Most of the snow mountains in Chang Tang looked like this probably it was due to the geological movements. There were quite a few chirus or Tibetan antelopes in the valley but I was not interested in this kind of animals anymore after I witnessed a large scale of migration of such animals last year elsewhere.The herbivorous animals here are very quick to reach its original size of the population, such as wild yaks, chirus, Tibetan gazelle, pika, and marmot. When you go into the depths of the Chang Tang, you could hardly be surpised by the sudden appearance of the chirus because they are so common in here. At this time of year, the chirus have already male-female parted. You could see many pregnant female chirus but hardly see any males. According to recent research, Zonag Co is not the only lake for breeding. There are at least four of them in the whole Chang Tang. Zonag Co, Tuzi Hu, Heishi Beihu, and another lake I can not remember. I think there must be more than four of them and most of the populations do not migrant long way like most people used to think. They generally migrant from south to north between Central Mountains and Kunlun Mountains.The chirus looks very timid but are very curious about outside world. They are not really afraid of people, particularly in the depth of the Chang Tang. The nearest distance we can approach is about 30m. They just stare at you calmly and think who you are and why you move so slow. They would run in front of you. Look like they are afraid of you but the fact is they are playing with you. A man's own character shapes his fortune. This is of course suit for animals too. The chirus are the typical one. They have a super speed and a pair of sharp antlers. If they are crazy, three of them work together could easily kill a wolf. But as you might have known, their antlers are just for fighting to mate with females.Down the Daban there was a very steep and straight road, I tried to ride the bicycle but ended up with falling over. The front rack came loose and one of the pannier flew into valley. The foot of the mountain was the Yueya Hu covered by ice, which was alake full of heavy metal elements. Along the lake bank there were many stark rocks very much weathered, lining up just like castles or houses. This made me stop to investigate what they were from time to time, I did understand they were just rocks though but they were so real like the figures of real people. On of them even made me hide in a ditch, observing them again and again using my binoculars. There were also many black volcanic rocks. All in all, the features of this area were really unusual.Passed over the Yueya Hu, it was an endless ancient lake bed. What my GPS showed was this area was a big lake like tentacles. I looked around, it was endless wilderness without a piece of ice and a drop of water. Roughly, I estimated this lake bed was about 1200 square meters. I had to tell you that Chang Tang was a place where there was no high-resolution map. The marks in the map often were some kind of memory. Just like this ancient lake bed under my feet, may be it was full of water a few years ago. Who knows. Pushing the bike in such an endless lake bed was very easy to get lost. My mind was in a chaotic status too.The migration of the animals, photo taken last year The road rising up to the Daban, full of gravels, very hard, ideal for pushing your bikeThe Yueya Hu gazed at by the round and smooth Toze Gangri. At a glimpse, could you tell which was mountain, which was cloud?Ancient lake bed. The white stains were the alkali, look like ice. About wildlife (part 1)Declaration Personal experience for reference onlyDangerous wild animals and their threats to human beings are a ever-LASTING subject for those backpackers travelling in the wild.In Chang Tang, for example, there are two kinds of deadly animals, one is wolves and the other is brawn bears. As substitutes, wild yaks and crows might be dangerous to you in some circumstances that I will come back to this a little bit later on. As for how to protect yourself against these dangerous animals, I think the primary point is you do not try to hurt them because the emotions of human and animals are same instinctively. [Wolves]Throughout my journey, I met wolves a total of seven times, in which I confronted them five times. As you might have known that wolves have become more and more solitary animals, it is very rare they live in a large group nowadays. Please allow me off the point a little bit and talk about the ecological problems in Chang Tang. The problem is now not the decrease of the number of the chirus but the imbalance of the whole food chain, more specifically, the number of the animals on the higher trophic levels of the food chain has not yet reached its ideal level which results in this kind of imbalance. Particularly, the pikas and the marmots who have lost their predators rapidly expanse which results in the desertification of Chang Tang. As early as the middle of last century, wolves were the dominant predators in the vast wilderness. They became a threat not only to other preys but also nomads pasturing in this land. Therefore, the then government called on people to cull back the population of the wolves in Chang Tang, which resulted in the current situation directly. The last official record about wolves attacking humans was around 1970s, which happened in Bamaoqiongzong. A team of secientists was surrounded by a group of wolves and they had to shoot them using guns. Of course, at present in Chang Tang, wolves are absolutely lonely.In this traverse, the first time I encountered a pair of wolves, one of them staying in front of me pretending to attack me while the other staying behind me. This is the standard attacking strategy of wolves. First, you should not be nervous which can be easily detected by the predators. Second, you should not retreat even an inch because this means you are the prey rather than the predator. Do not make any large movement, of course you could take a picture if you feel safe to do so. You must look into its eyes for a few minutes or even half an hour. When the wolves can not work out who you are and consider you are not posing any danger to them, then they will leave. You should remember that wolves in this land do not lack of food and it is much easy for them to catch a pika than a human. Even if being hungry, they would evaluate how easy to get you done, What you need to do is to show them that you are not interested in them and you are not afraid of them at all, let alone to show your ID card to them. As for the wolves family, really, I have not heard for ages. If you really have an encounter with them and they have no other choice, then it definitely depends on your forture. In fact, for so many year, it has been very rare to happen that wolves kill human. But the rumours are still there, in particular, the road connecting Xinjiang and Tibet.The nearest encounter with a wolf throughout my journey, no conflict at all[Brown Bears]Brown bears are real dangerous animals to human. Every year there are some accidents happened in some regions of Xinjiang on the north side of Kunkun Mountains and steppes in Northern Tibet. More than that the bears could attack your house, smash your windows, and eat your sheep. Therefore, in Northern Tibet some local councils give subsidies to the pastorarists for compensating the losses due to the bears because they are not allow to fight back and kill the bears except their lives are in great danger. Once there was a nomad taught me a method to protect yourself from bears. He told me to pick up a stick to feed the bear and the bear thinks the stick is your hand which tastes disgusting. So the bear would leave. It was so funny but the reality is to find a stick in this vast wilderness is just like you win the lottery.Bears are omonivorous animal who are generally not interested in human flesh. You can find that in most of accidents, the bears did not eat any of the human flesh rather they just smashed them for kind of fun that we could not understand. For the reason why bears kill human, one explanation is the conflict between human and wildlife in this extreme ecological environment. The nomads invade the habitats of the bears, which results in these conflicts. On the other hand, it might be because bears have quite high IQ so that they think it is much easy to kill a sheep in the cote rather than to kill a pika in the wild.I have met bears five times in my traverse, in two cases we were very close to each other. I had even walked with one of them for quite a while, just like we had a date for a walk. The fact is it is not that terrible like you might imagine. The same rules for dealing with wolves apply to bears. Never provoke dangerous animals. A bear can run at a speed of 40km/h, do you think you can compete this in a highland 5,000m above sea level?However, there is a situation where it is really dangerous, that is the encounter. It is not easy to control your instinctive reaction to the external dangers. Last year once I turned around a hill, there was a bear just in front of me. The bear of course was frightened by me with its front legs holding up, waving in the air and roaring. At that time I sat on the ground, ignoring it. The bear then left in a few minutes. Chang Tang is a vast land so that this is not that easy to happen. But if it does happen, really only God can bless you.The nearest encounter with a bear throughout my journey. This bear disappeared in a herd of wild yaks, which I had tried hard to spot, really weird About wildlife (part 2)Declaration personal experience for reference only.[Wild Yaks]I have talked about quite a few, like in the post of Day10. I will no longer talk about it.This was the funniest encounter with a solitary wild yak, who did not warn me. If I sat down, it sat down too. If I moved forward, it stopped. Could not imagine what it was thinking about.[Crows]Crows are dangerous only when you fall unconscious in the wilderness. Of course they will be the first to taste your flesh in that case. Unlike their cousinsliving in urban areas, the crows in Chang Tang have a larger body like eagles. When they fly over your head, you could feel like it is a piece of cloud. They are scavengers but like fresh meat too. It once happened that a baby was killed by crows relentlessly, let alone the lambs got killed by them. Once a nomad asked me for fireworks to scare the crows away. (They are sacred birds not to be killed by human)It is easy to defend yourself against crows, that is to keep fighting, never fall in the wilderness.A short break attracted the crows. Of course, they were miscalculating this time, photo taken last year[Strategies Adopted]At the time when I met the four soldiers in Jieshan Daban, they said there were many dangerous animals in the Northern Tibet and asked me if I had brought a shotgun. I think if they knew that I would enter Chang Tang they would definitely check if I really have a shotgun. The so-called defence facilities I brought with me were the fireworks and pepper spray. I had never used them. The fireworks were ruined and thrown away when I crossed a river and I had never opened the pepper spray. I even had never thought about this when camping in the night. The reason was I did not feel the needs. During the day time whenever I met any animals I had never touched the knife I had brought. I did not have anything to defend myself when I walked out to investigate the route. The Chang Tang is really a vast area so as to be very easy to detect anything strange.By the way, you'd better to avoid mating season's animals because even tamed rabbits could be aggressive in mating season.The thing is even if you have a gun, it is not very much helpful when bears attack you. Therefore, your attitude is most important.I can tell you something. Dogs are more dangerous than these wild animals. I had been chased by Tibetan dogs, pounced on by dogs in mating season, also besieged by a group of dogs. I really feel it is more useful to know how to defend a dog.Declaration again The above experience is from Chang Tang only. Of course, the more you prepared, the better. Day 12 (May 1), 23.8km, Camping 5117mToday was May 1 -- the Labour Day, I had been walking in some lake area marked in the map but clearly dried up. The lake basin was flat and hard so that I even pushed my bike more than 20km. Let it be the special treat for my May Day. After midday it became cloudy with growing winds. Since the Yueya Hu that I passed yesterday, there were no big lakes until Yanghu Co (My route would be between Jianshui Hu and Bairab Co), there was even no light alkaline water to drink so I had to pay extra attention not to miss any possible drinking water supply to fill up my water bag. There were a few very small lakes but all were alkaline puddles which was very shallow, whose depth was no more than the length of a half-finger. These puddles were covered with a hard shell of the mixture of salt and ice which smelled stinking and decaying when getting closer, must be toxic water I supposed. On the shore of this type of small lakes it was muddy soil and very hard to get closer.There was no sign of tundra at all.It was almost half past six when I found some snow corns in a ditch, which was the only drinking water supply of the day. There was a thin layer of melted ice on the surface of the ground near the snow corn, which was very hard to collect and was contaminated by the alkali. The snow corn was the yet melted thick snow, which was shaped like a corn by wind. The snow was quite hard and dry,porous like ice. I crushed a few snow corns, putting them into the water bag.They would be my drinking water tonight. These snow corns were the only one in today's wilderness, I reckoned the reason why they were not melted like others was the soil underneath contained large amount of ice blocks which acted as a freezer.Very strong gale in the night, it was hard to bear the sound of the vibration of the tent. Small single tent was good in the sense that it would not be blown away as long as you stayed inside. But you had to be very careful to set up the tent. I once did not pay much attention when doing so, the tent was blown away by winds, and rolling over like a Giant lantern ... I ran after it, got it back, and was exhausted. In general, it is not possible to fix the tent completely using tent pegs because they were not very much effective like large tents. It was snowing around 23 o'clock, the winds were howling from north,then the falling snow flakes landed on my tent quietly, I finally felt at peace and fell asleep. The flat ancient lake basin, assisting me walking more than 20kmSmall lake en route, toxic waterSnow corns, the only drinking water supply today Day 13 (May 2), 0km, Camping 5117mWaking up in the morning and opening the tent, the heavy snow outside must be sent by the God to force me have a break for the May Day. After lying in for a while, getting up and walking on the snowy ground out I went to have a look around. As first sight there were a herd of chirus. They were plainly to be spotted because they looked like a clear black straight line in the while snow. I returned to get my camera and then followed them to take some pictures. But they were very much alert and kept a quite long distance from me. I felt they were a group of pregnant females, instinctively protecting themselves from any potential harm. I was no longer short of water, the snow gave me a precious supply of drinking water. The problem was that they were very petrol consuming. I tool 8.6 litre of petrol and the oil stove was Duola's MSR. The pot was of 1.5 litre, mainly for boiling water. After several days' experiments, I found that the liquid water needed 16mins and 14-15mins to boil in the morning and evening, respectively. For ice, it would take 35-40mins while for snow it took 45-50mins. Melting snow was a very time and petrol consuming process so if I had a choice between snow and light alkaline water, most of time I would go with the latter. Lying inside the tent, listening to musics,I smoked a cigarette while gazing at the more and more chirus around me. Because it was very cold I had been wearing my shoes all the time. Now I just put my bare feet under the warm sun for some fresh air. I found three cuts in my hands and one in my sole. The cuts were about 4cm in length, looked terrible but it was actually all right really. Half of my toes were injured by to much walking, quite painful. I fetched my medicine bag and found I only got four patches of plasters, a serious mistake. One of the cuts in my hand had never been cured until I was out of this desolate land so as to feel like this finger would drop from my hand at any time. The others quickly recovered in a few days then new cuts appeared elsewhere. This process occurred periodically. I felt that it was somewhat related to the cold, dry weather and the lack of vitamins. The snow rapidly disappeared, which is unique phenomenon in Chang Tang. Because of the low air humidity and the high radiation from the sun, the snow was evaporating very fast, much quicker than the melting speed. Owing to this, the ground was generally still dry after the snow disappeared. In most cases, it would be only 2/5 left in the afternoon around 2 to 3 o'clock and small patches of ground could be seen. It would be completely all right for walking the next day. On the third day there could be some snow left in somewhere the sunlight hard to reach. So generally it could give you three days of water supply after a heavy snow like this. One of the pannier was broken, the most expensive one from deuter series, supposed to be waterproof. I will come back to it at some point later. Everything was covered by snow, no way out Lying in the middle of Chang Tang, listening to Tian Zhen's songs, and smoking Baisha cigarettes, what else can you ask for? The pregnant female chirus in migration, probably heading to Heishi Beihu to give birth([]
秋霰在线
黄添圣安娜普尔纳保护区，是尼泊尔最负盛名的自然景区，也是世界上最适合徒步旅行的地方之一。其中安娜普尔纳大环线（Annapurna Circuit TREKking，简称ACT）是世界十大徒步线路之首，沿途可以看到玛纳斯鲁、道拉吉里和安娜普尔纳三座8000米级的山峰，也是目前世界上成熟徒步线路中海拔落差最大的一条。一路上从茂盛的丛林，目不暇接的水瀑到高山草甸，再到寸草不生的垭口，尤其是在冬季，被一片冰雪世界覆盖，那纯净无瑕的美丽，无时无刻不萦绕在思忆中。一路上遇到的一个个鲜活的脸孔，时常浮现在眼前，这场孤独却又似狂欢的旅行让我每每忆起时，总是心底阵阵温暖，嘴角也不经意泛出一丝笑容。我的旅行，多半是没有计划的，走到一处，就安留一处，这大概就是流浪吧，而行山，也是我流浪的一种方式，一种最纯粹的方式。完成珠峰南坡（我们常称为EBC）的徒步后，在加德满都浑噩了两天，加都的喧嚣和琳琅满目的商品对我没有丝毫诱惑力，EBC之行像是一场前戏，挑拨着我更为强烈的欲望，在这个号称“徒步者天堂”的国度，没有什么比远足徒步更容易带来快感了。EBC之行，结识了很多朋友，鸡哥，小熊，小白，大嘴，还有下山后在龙游认识的大旻和大胖妞，下山那天是农历元宵节，我们一帮中国人聚在一起，大家都喝得酩酊大醉，发生了不少闹剧，可我始终相信，每个人都是可爱的。2012年春节EBC我们的队伍，认识了这么多可爱的朋友，是一辈子宝贵的财富。一个月的证，只用了一半，我告诉大家，我要用剩下的时间去安娜看一看，于是和他们一个个道别，自行一人开始了这场孤单而又难忘的旅行。从博卡拉出发，第一晚因为西藏的归属问和西班牙人托尼产生争执，他说他打算枪杀我；在Deurali遇到老狼、小雪一行人，于是结伴同行，在MBC和小雪过了一个勉强还算浪漫的情人节，后来和大家在himalaya分手，继续独自上路；为了传说中的“天体温泉”，从Ghorepani几乎爬行到了Tatopani；抵达Muktinath的时候才发现牛逼大了——我把这条线路走反了，而面临的问是要从Muktinath爬升1800米翻越陀龙垭口，一路上都没有休息点，更要命的是，喜马拉雅山区刚刚送走一场巨大暴风雪，所有人都觉得我会死在路上的时候，Hotel Bob Marley的老板Angela建议我可以试试；在Mangna遇到了非常善良的法国大姐Val，她一年要从法国飞尼泊尔三次，只是来安娜帮她开客栈的当地朋友干活；路上又遇到了之前在ABC相遇的长的很像奥巴马的背夫；快下山的时候遇到在迪拜打工，送儿子去上学的Sandas，他和他哥哥在Besi很热情的招待我。这篇游记只是一个故事，算不上攻略，因为我很乌龙的把这条线路走反了！小邦在尼旅行时间较长，所以对尼泊尔的旅游比较熟悉，有需要的朋友可以咨询我，在此提供一个交流的平台，QQ群197672948此次的行程大概是这样的：2月10日 加德满都——博卡拉2月11日 博卡拉——Phedi——当普斯——Landruk2月12日 Landruk——Chhomrong——Sinuwa2月13日 Sinuwa——Bamboo——Dovan——Himalaya——Deurali2月14日 Deurali——MBC——ABC——MBC2月15日 MBC到Chhomrong2月16日 Chhomrong——Tadapani——Ghorepani2月17日 Ghorepani——Poon Hill——Tatopani2月18日 Tatopani——Ghasa——Jomsom——Muktinath2月19日 Muktinath2月20日 Muktinath——陀龙垭口——High camp2月21日 High camp——Manang2月22日 Manang——Lower Pisang——Chame2月23日 Chame——Tal——Chamche2月24日 Chamche——Syange——Besi Shahar2月25日 Besi Shahar——加德满都个人装备：背包：Gregory T60，强氧胸包鞋袜：mont-bell登山鞋，凉鞋，coolmax袜子一双，迪卡侬徒步袜三双衣服：迪卡侬防风软壳，CARAVA Plartec抓绒衣，Carava棉衣，迪卡侬航海系列抓绒裤，Carava冲锋裤，Carava速干排汗内衣帽子：始祖鸟毛线帽，Mammut速干帽手套：迪卡侬滑雪手套睡袋：天石格拉丹东登山杖：鲁宾逊T3E，BD Trail各一根照明：Black Diamond Spot头灯，备用电池n节眼镜：高特近视偏光眼镜，高特雪镜炉头：火枫便携炉头餐具水具：火枫202套锅，乐扣保鲜盒日常用品：洗漱包，迪卡侬收纳袋，SPF30+防晒霜，卫生纸，笔记本，字笔，瑞士军dao猎人，Carava雪套，迪卡侬防水手表药品：急救包，板蓝根，云南白药喷雾剂，医用纱布，新黄片（或其他消炎药）证件：身份证，护照，1寸照片4张通讯：Moto Defy三防手机，充电器相机：尼康D3100 在MBC看到的玛查普彻峰，也就是我们常说的鱼尾峰。 纠正一下，这不是安娜普尔纳1峰，是Nilgiri South峰，海拔6839米。 在Muktinath看到的世界第七高峰，道拉吉里峰，海拔8167米。 玛纳斯鲁峰，世界第八高峰，海拔8153米。 在Chhomrong看到的玛查普彻峰，实际上它是由两座山峰组成，看上去像鱼的尾鳍，所以我们通常称它为Fishtail，也就是鱼尾峰了。 安娜普尔纳大本营（Annapurna Base Camp），也就是著名的ABC了。 Himalaya，和老狼、小雪一行人。 清晨Poon Hill上望见安娜普尔纳南峰。 通往陀龙垭口的路。 通往陀龙垭口的雪路。https//player.youku.com/player.php/sid/XNTEwNjEzMDU2/v.swf横切雪坡。 通往陀龙垭口的路。https//player.youku.com/player.php/sid/XNTEwNTk3NTA4/v.swf垭口的大风，在High camp遇到的美国人看了这个视频，说，“Sounds like hell.” 世界上最大的垭口——陀龙垭口，海拔5416米。https//player.youku.com/player.php/sid/XMzU4MTk1NTI4/v.swf冒着极寒和风雪拍下的这个视频。 因为是冬季，陀龙垭口到High Camp的Tea House（休息点）都关闭了。 从垭口到High Camp的路上积雪非常厚，最深的地方几乎齐腰。 安娜普尔纳二峰著名的“Monkey Face”，因为山体看上去像人脸而得名。 安娜普尔娜 3峰。 Pisang附近一处很光洁的雪坡，还能清楚看到雪崩的痕迹。 2月10日加德满都到博卡拉加德满都到博卡拉的旅游大巴是早上7点钟出发，我当然不愿意牺牲我宝贵的睡眠，顺便又可以感受一下当地的风土人情，所以本地巴士对我来说也是一个很不错的选择，在加德满都吃完午饭，我赶上了下午2点去往博卡拉的班车，尼泊尔的大巴多数都是印度的TATA牌汽车，性能谈不上好，但是非常结实，我个人还是喜欢坐本地巴士，至少我基本上一路都是睡过去的，晃晃悠悠直到晚上10点才抵达博卡拉，然后打了个车到湖滨区（Lakeside），在唐人餐厅要了个炒饭，碰上一个拉客的当地人，于是以300卢比的价格住在了一家Guest House，条件比较简陋，忘了叫什么名字。要说博卡拉的住宿，穷游的话我个人推荐Hotel Khukuri，我曾经在旺季的时候和老板讲价到400卢比，床很大，还有大阳台。 这是个寂寥的月圆之夜，这个号称尼泊尔第二大城市的博卡拉，看上去不过像一个小镇，我在房间翻看在加德满都买的安娜徒步地图，顿时傻眼了，发现地图上错综复杂有着大大小小十几条线路，这显然比EBC的情况要复杂的多，我瞬间不知该如何下手，于是问了一下客栈老板，他建议我从当普斯开始，我没有想太多，就采纳了他的建议。 清晨的费瓦湖也是匆匆一瞥，博卡拉是号称“南亚小瑞士”的浪漫艳遇之所，在我看来，这远没有西藏的“一措再措”大气，倒是显得小资许多。我无心留恋这个地方，打听了一下去当普斯的车，要倒三趟巴士才到，我狠了下心，干脆叫了辆出租车。 这个司机说600卢比可以把我拉到Phedi，相对半个小时的车程，这已经算很便宜了，他问我办好徒步手续没有，我原本是打算走捷径，但想想这事有伤国体，就干脆让他带我分别去两个办公室办理Permit（许可证）和Tims Card（全称为Trekkers Information Management System，意为徒步者信息管理系统），许可证2000卢比，Tims Card 20美金，折合成人民币差不多近300大元，瞬时感觉心在滴血。另外给了司机600卢比小费，因为他陪我办手续等了很久。 Phedi到当普斯有盘山公路，但是费用比较高，我选择自行走小径上山，这是一个比较陡的坡，有一段时间没有负重徒步了，所以没走多久就喘的不行。 爬上了山坡，回头望去，全是一片梯田和河流的景貌，让人无法想法这里地处于喜马拉雅南麓。 沿途当地人的小洋房，博卡拉是个相对比较富饶的地方。 去往当普斯的路上，沿途尽是这样的路。 这个大姐打完电话后，似乎若有所思。 路上遇到一个奥地利老头和他的向导，我才知道大部分徒步客都选择从Nayapul作为徒步的起点，走当普斯的实在是少。 找老头代劳给我拍了一张。 这可真是徒步的好天气啊。([]
小密桃成熟时D3电影
黄钰名没去内蒙古大草原前对这片土地感觉是很佰生和神秘的，两年的工作和生活后渐渐地喜爱上了这里的蓝天、白云、黄沙和绿草，喜欢上了这里的人和风俗。 在两年中我几乎走遍了所在的克什克腾旗的每一个景区，内蒙古大草原的美让人流连忘返。 在这里只是将我第二次乌兰布统草原之行的游记展现给大家，让我带大家与我一起再次欣赏一次内蒙高原的蓝天白云、花草树木、山川河流和骏马美女。 先上一组图片，吸引一下你的眼球。 乌兰布统（蒙语：红色的山的意思）草原位于克什克腾旗最南端， 与河北围场县的赛罕坝林场隔河相望，距北京只有300多公里。乌兰布统是清朝木兰围场的一部分，因康熙皇帝指挥清军大战噶尔丹而著称于世，更以其迷人的欧式草原风光，成为中外闻名的影视外景基地。这里属丘陵与平原交错地带，森林和草原有机结合，既具有南方优雅秀丽的阴柔，又具有北方粗犷雄浑的阳刚，兼具南秀北雄之美。四季皆宜，处处皆景，是摄影之乡、天然画廊、露天影棚。 注：画面中间的小山就是红山。 乌兰布统草原处于丘陵与平原交错地带，呈现出与其它草原完全不同的特色，以其迷人的欧式草原风光，成为闻名的影视外景基地。 这里的草原有四个显著特点： 一是森林草原结合。这里是森林和草原有机结合，既具有 南方优雅秀丽的阴柔，又具有北方粗犷雄浑的阳刚，兼具南秀北雄之美。 二是草甸子广阔。虽不是一望无际，但置身此地，我们必会感触到“天似穹庐，笼盖四野。天苍苍，野茫茫，风吹草低见牛羊”北朝民歌的意境。 三是“百花草甸”景观。影视基地一带的草甸，每到夏季，草原上一片生机，百花盛开，10余天换一茬花种。您这次来是黄色，过十余天再来也许就是粉色、红色……。每一茬总以领衔花种为主色调，其余各色陪衬其间。有名的、没名的，千姿百态，万紫千红，在大甸子和山坡上编织出一块块的五彩缤纷的地毯，聚成一朵朵扑朔迷离的彩云。蓝天、白云、青山、碧水衬托着喧闹的百花世界，勾勒出一幅幅绚丽多姿的欧式油画。 四是桦林景观。最鲜明的特征是疏密相间，疏可驰马，密不通风。草甸边缘的漫坡，有的地段长满了桦树，大片的桦林密不通风。钻进去，枝叶遮云蔽日，不知道林子有多大。有的地段桦树稀稀疏疏，有单棵的，有三五一簇的，有几十棵成丛的，美不胜收。加上这里的地形富于变化，有草场，有湿地，有峡谷，有山丘。早晚太阳斜照，逆光将一道道山梁打出了高光轮廓线，明暗反差渲染了大环境的朦胧美，构成了一幅幅古希腊油画。 以上四大特色，每年都吸引了数以万计的艺术家到这里采风、创作。摄影家称这里是摄影之乡，创作基地，是历届大赛大展获奖及优秀作品的高产园地。美术家称这里是油画临摩的范本，天然画廊。影视家称这里是露天影棚。据不完全统计，近10年，在这里摄制了60余部影视剧。其中《还珠格格》、《康熙王朝》、《射雕英雄传》、《汉武大帝》、《三国演义》等10余部大片的大部分场景都是在这里拍摄的，到这里拍摄部分镜头的影视及广告、专片更是不计其数。在这里你可以跃马草原感受驰骋疆场的快感，还可以只识弯弓射大雕，骑一骑四轮摩托，都很不错。最值得一提的是在这里还可以体验到急速滑行，尘土飞扬的快感，在军马场北走四公里小红山村的后山上有一处大型滑沙场，占地百余亩，沙坡长一百多米，坡斜六十度，有栈道上山，可同时容纳百余人。而且价格便宜，是乌兰布统之行值得一玩的地方。 乌兰布统草原地理位置在内蒙古赤峰市克什克腾旗的最南边。 如果您驾车，从北京出发走承德线只需4个小时就能到达；赤峰每天都有往返北京、大连、沈阳、哈尔滨的火车，从赤峰汽车站乘到克旗经棚镇的长途汽车，在克旗汽车站可乘到乌兰布统旅游开发区的车前往乌兰布统景区。在这里我跟供一张北京到乌兰布统的最近路线图（全程300公里），不过中间过河北围场子的塞罕坝森林公园。 乌兰布统旅游开发区现辟有乌兰布统古战场、影视外景地、五彩山、 象群山、夹皮沟等8个旅游景区。 前面乌兰布统草原和概况和交通简要介绍完了，下面就是我与朋友们自驾一日乌兰布统草原的主要路线。 由于我们工作、生活在克什克腾的经棚镇以西的浑善达克沙漠腹地，我们首先驱车70公里走呼海大通道到达经棚镇（不进镇），然后右走西拉沐伦河大峡谷的经山线行驶52 公里后，向右转进入经乌线66.5公里，到达乌兰布统，全程约120公里。 全部行程和景区内行程如如图中箭头所示。主要游览地点西拉沐伦大峡谷、蛤蟆坝、桦木沟、红山、百草敖包、影视基地、跑马场等等（呵呵！有些是在车上观光的）。 下面就是流水帐式的游记了。 有些相片是在车上抓拍的有车窗玻璃反光块，为保持相片的真实性，我就不进行PS处理了。******************************************************************************************************* 从工作和生活营地沿呼海大通道东行来到必如河大桥上，桥下就是北南流向的必如河，远处就是克什克腾旗政府所在地经棚镇。 经棚镇北靠气势雄伟的大兴安岭，南临奔流不息的西拉沐沦河，坐落在必如河两岸平坦的山间低地上，海拔为1005－1040米。经棚镇蒙语称为“必如浩特”，由于蒙语“必如”汉语译为“二岁半”， 故经棚镇也有“半城”之称。经棚镇三面环山，由必如河分成河西、河东两部分，南靠“字山”，山上有藏文“阿弥陀佛”石砌大字，所以得名。西有敖包山，新旧两座大桥将河东、河西两部分街区连接为一体（敬请关注：我会有专门的游记贴子介绍经棚）。 过了必如河大桥到三岔路口，有牌示右转路至乌兰布统120公里（没有拍相片）。车进入西拉沐伦河大峡谷，两侧的山峦起伏，西拉沐伦河伴车南行。 下面就是西拉沐伦河。 西拉木伦河，蒙古语，意为黄色的河。西辽河北源。发源于大兴安岭山地赤峰市克什克腾旗红山北麓白槽沟。古称潢水、乐水、吐护真水等。全长380公里，流域面积32171平方公里，全河总落差1134米，通行舟楫河道800余里。《吕氏春秋》、《淮南子》把它列为“中国六大川”之一，郦道元在《水经注》中也对它有过记载。 峡谷中的村庄。 西拉沐伦河床中植被茂盛，河流弯弯曲曲，很有情调！！ ([]
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冉佳琪去大马旅行，事先并没有计划，只是看到机票便宜，证也容易，才动的念头。现在有时间，跑一趟也无妨，做了些功课，那边的海岛漂亮，但去多了没有再去的欲望，放弃。做一次休闲游吧，不去太多的地方，选择了吉隆坡和马六甲两个地方。在网上买了一本LP中文版的马来西亚、新加坡、文莱，打算按图索骥。 订好机票，等待证。夜观天象，13日有东风，乃出发良日，恰巧俺的机票也是当天午时的。哥们的机票是南宁--广州--吉隆坡。 从市区到机场20元，跑37分钟。机场大巴5：30--22：30，每30分钟发一班。 到了南宁机场，找到南方航空公司的窗口，一女坐台，长相略差，感觉她不好说话。果然态度不友好，问啥都不耐烦。俺想要张往返的机票，别人的攻略说在吉隆坡出边检时要看机票的。此女却说老子的机票不是在他们南航买的，你在那买的机票就找谁要发票，NND老子是在网上买的，现在去找谁要？然后烂指头一指行李托运窗去那边吧。 去到南航的自助办理登机手续的机子，把护照号码输入，结果显示不可以办理，俺OUT了。这破机子只认身份证，不理睬护照。去柜台办吧，工作人员说把我的行李直接发吉隆坡，我说行，省得在广州再办一次。心里却在想中转一次会不会丢啊？然后安慰自己不会的。南宁-广州-吉隆坡的登机牌一起打了出来，10点过了安检，就在里边发呆。 飞机晚点了，某猪还真是乌鸦嘴，气！南宁机场 在机场看到军机在起飞，歼7型飞机，老掉牙了，还在玩。 到广州白云机场B航站楼，走到A航站楼很远，不出站走这边的就我一个人。找到国际出发厅，安检、边检，花了不少时间。然后又是发呆，上网。后来发现我呆错地方了，去吉隆坡的登机口在楼下，登机牌没写。闲着没事，拍飞机玩。 正点从广州起飞，快到吉隆坡的时候，空姐发了入境卡，我有几处不会填，请教了别人，我邻座的见我半天没填完，就帮我了。一个国内的旅行团，都是导游帮填入境卡。21：05到达吉隆坡国际机场KLIA，机场很大，识都是英文和马来文，俺啥也看不懂。跟着别人走，东拐西弯的，走了一段长长的路。到了一个门口出去，别人上了大巴，俺停住，拿出行李单问门口的警察，他指了大巴车，我就上去。车子转了一大圈，走了几分钟到另一个门。找到边检窗口，排队等候。国内团的导游居然还问我该怎么办手续，我就叫她让人排好队就行了。 出了边检就是行李到达厅，运输皮带在转，看不见我的包。心想糟了，就几件行李还没人拿，但没我的，就转了一圈看，还是没有。先是拿这行李单给工人看，比划着说我的行李NO,他们明白了就去找，等一会来说NO。指着一个穿绿衣服的人，让我过去找他。看他也挺忙的，几个人围着。一会去和他比划了一下，明白我的处境，用对讲机叽里呱啦的说了一通，老子一句也没听懂。然后用英语对我说，没有找的你的行李，其实我就听懂两个单词，一个是NO,一个是包。我说中文，现在该怎么办？不知道他听懂没有，让我去一个地方，伸出手比划，往前，再往右，再往前，嘴一直在说。反正俺明白了，就过去找。走到没路的地方有间办公室，文字不认识，见人就拿出行李单给他们看，点头让我坐下，知道找对地方了，后来才知道这里是失物招领处。他们拿着我的单子进屋里兜了一圈，又打了几个电话，告诉我机场没有我的行李，我居然听懂了。然后问我要机票，我说没有，只有登机牌，拿给他们看了，又要护照。让填表，老子只看懂了姓名、护照一栏，其他的都不会填，下面还有丢失物品清单，我更不会填了。他们那没有人会中文，让我填了日期和航班号就算了。双方说话都不懂，就看图说话吧，他们拿出一张印有各种箱包的图给我看，俺明白了，指着一个背包。就在一张表格上写，然后又问我什么就不知道了。还是在图上指指点点，我想了一下，估计是问包的颜色。我穿的是红色的衣服，就扯了一下衣服给他看，他发出一个单词，红色？我说YES。他就笑了，指着图上的红色图案。蒙对了一次。 行李丢失无非是还在广州，没有发过来，或者在这里被人拿走了，前一种情况到是不怕，能找回来。后一种就麻烦了，一定找不回。话说偷行李的没听说过多少，肯定会有。奇怪的是老子并不是很着急，也不是很淡定。在空调下还出了几身汗，要是包真的丢了，损失也够我吐几次血的。 用打印机打了一张单子给我，写些什么也看不懂。不断的做打电话的手势，指着单子上的电话号码。我以为是国内航空公司的电话，就叫他们帮打。但他们说不是，再说什么我就听不懂了。看号码也不象国内的电话，然后叫我去5楼找警察，也不明白为什么。走到换币的地方，有几个国人在那里，问谁懂英语，帮看一下单子写的什么？一个男的帮我看了，说这是一份财产丢失证明，其他也没说什么，帮不了我。还是谢谢他了！ 折腾到23点了，出了三楼行李厅。上五楼找警察，他叫我下三楼，就这样跑了几趟。还是先换钱吧，看了2家银行都是1元人民币换0.42元马币。换了一些，就去买手机卡，也不知道那里有卖。胡乱问卖东西的，都是马来人，不懂中文。遇到一个华人，说了地方就过去，找了好久，机场太大了。 买到电话卡18.5MR，***们帮我试过说好了，我打中国的固定电话，一阵叽里呱啦的话，听不懂。给***们听，她们说了什么我也不懂，反正打不了。和她们只能用几句简单的英语交谈，多的我也不会。打不通她们也没办法，让去三楼一个卖手机卡的地方去问。下去拿着装手机卡的盒子问工作人员，他指了个方向。（语言不通也能办事）找到了，会说几句中文，说我的卡不是在他们那里买的，不理会。只有在他们这买的才帮看，见鬼了。老子试着拨了国内手机，通了。原来这玩意是不能打固定电话的。 继续找俺的行李，在三楼遇到本航班的空姐，她们问了情况，表示帮不了什么，让我去五楼找南航的服务窗口或许他们有会中文的，可以帮我。问我的导游呢，回说是一个人来的，她们很吃惊。 入境大厅在五楼，去找南航的服务窗口，走了两圈都没找到。那里的工作人员都不会中文，但我说自己是chinese的时候，他们都会表示不会中文，如果有会的就叫过来帮我。找到了东方航空的窗口，一个台湾人帮我问了他们，说南航的下班了，明天也是在这个窗口上班。 有个警察岗亭。排队，到我的时候就拿单子去问，他们又是打了一通电话，还是告诉我机场没有我的行李。我想让他们帮打电话都广州去问看行李是否还在那边。怎么说他们都不明白，他们说什么我也不懂。 有几个中国人在旁边，过去问他们有懂英语的吗？一个女孩问了我情况，他们都叫她帮帮我。警察这边很忙，就去了服务台，她用英语和她们说，再翻译给，她们又在打电话查，花了半小时，弄明白了。 失物招领处给我的纸条上的电话是他们的，让我留电话我没留，我根本就没有电话可留。然后说早上6点再来问一次，如果还是没有就别浪费时间了。中国的女孩要坐1点的飞机，先走了，非常感谢她！服务台的***就做了个睡觉的动作，告诉我6点再来。她会在这里等着我，一定帮忙的。 找地方睡觉吧，这时候去宾馆开房不划算，我知道机场有宾馆，要480元人民币一晚。看看边上的座椅躺着几个人，俺也去找了一个位置，躺下，却睡不着。广播老在响，先是马来语，然后是英语，最后是中文，提醒登机的。 眼睛辣辣的，睁开就难受，但又睡不着，起来逛逛又躺下。居然有只小蟑螂来逗我玩，没心思理它，一口气把它吹到地上，过了一会睁开眼睛，又爬到我腿上了，抓住它用指甲掐了一下，放开它还能爬，再掐一次，放地上，没事一样的溜达。不会吧？没掐疼它？闻了一下指甲，有一股蟑螂的狐臭味。去卫生间洗手，非常干净的，有一股浓浓的香水味，一点臭味都没有，比国内的机场好。 折腾到4点睡着了，5点又醒来，肚子饿了，找东西吃。机场的东西很贵，转了一圈还是吃肯德基吧，打发了肚子，继续回去睡觉，熬到6点多。 去找服务台的***，她打了个电话说行李找到，让我接电话，我说我接有什么用，又听不懂。她说是china,一听对方说中文的，告诉说行李找到了，你去找警察办手续去领，一激动赶忙谢谢她，挂了电话就去警察岗亭排队。早上很多人，机场里的工作人员都要来这里登记、领工作牌，还要在左手腕上套一个纸圈，交1MR。到我的时候，警察打电话去三楼，占线，要我在一边等，他先帮别人办事，约十多分钟，另一个女警打电话。然后对我说了一堆话，就听懂了2，以为要叫2MR，拿出来，她又说NO,没办法她就在我的单子上写了2点钟，我指了左手腕说2，yes 。明白了下午2点再来。看了一下有一班广州来的飞机12点到的。能在机场丢行李的机会不多，各位看官要把握好机会啊！ 在机场等到下午2点，浪费时间，进市区去才是正道。溜到一楼找巴士，攻略上说有一辆车贴有2颗星星的是去唐人街的，我看到一颗星的车，没敢上。东张西望的乱转，居然让我找到了大巴车站，看到有去china town的，问了一下，拉客仔说到的，10MR，买了票在等车。其实是两个公司跑这条线，都在拉客，还有人买到8MR的车票。 上车睡觉，要一个小时才到市区的。 到了茨厂街，先急着找Red Dragon Backpacker，事先把地址写在一张卡片上，问了几个人才找到的，住下后才逛街。白天的唐人街不热闹的，卖些小吃、冰镇饮料，空荡荡的没几个人。我住的旅馆 唐人街 突然涌来一群学生，叫喳喳的，在搞什么仪式或活动，全部是讲华语的。聚在一起喊**，振兴华语什么的，开始以为是台湾来的，问一个学生，说是本地的。 人很多几条街都是他们的身影，在相互拍照。一个个的拍，在叫快点，到你了。我插了一句，轮到我了，他们大笑。 唐人街都是中文，看着亲切，没有外来人的感觉。可以说普通话、广东话，小吃也很熟悉。纵横也就几条街，很快就走完了。炙热的阳光，晒得皮肤发烫。喝了一杯罗汉果龙眼冰糖炖冬瓜茶，1.5MR,很多人排队买的，口感不错。 街道狭窄，摊位占据了人行道，延伸到路面了。要在本朝，城管早发威鸟。卫生还好，大家都比较注意。房子大都有些年头了，处在城市中心地带，在某国也是属于强拆对象了。 一个大棚把一条茨厂街罩了起来，大马的雨说来就来，说走就走的，许多当地人出门都带着伞，我的包里也带着伞，用过几次。china town是属于夜色的，下回再表。 看地图，小印度离此不远，想去看看。问了卖冷饮的大嫂，她说了一个方向，只要找到卖黄金的街，一问就知道了。走过一条街转个弯，就不清楚方向了。拿出地图问人，发现很多人不会看。连续有几个人指同一方向，结果走反了。管他呢，都是没来过的地方，那都一样，我也没有固定的目。 看到了老火车站，建于1911年，外表还漂亮，有伊斯兰风格。想进去看看，有门卫守着，锁门的，算了。大巴拉来几车中国游客，一窝蜂的下来拍照，挺热闹的，看着他们很开心的样子。 一对老外情侣，在相互拍，我过示意帮他们拍合影。那女的高兴坏了，亲密的搂着男的拍。然后对我说Thank you very much，一路来都是我对别人说thank you的。俺终于有机会被感谢了，阿门！过街的灯，只要按下去，1、2分钟绿灯就会亮起，行人可以平安过去，我试了还好用。(
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